|
athletes foot tinea pedis is the most common dermatophyte infection, usually found in adolescents and young adults. Characteristically, it is found in the toe webs, especially the fourth, where the tissue tends to be macerated, white and cracked. Infection can spread to the soles, heels and borders of the foot ('mocassin' type). Pain and Pruritus may occur. Dry fissuring of the infected area may provide a site for bacterial entry and a secondary cellulitis.
dorsiflexion ask the patient to pull the top of his foot up towards himself against examiner's resistance
dorsal interossei muscles the dorsal interossei are larger than the plantar interossei. They sit in the fourth and deepest layer of muscles of the sole of the foot. The dorsal interossei of the foot are four muscles on each side which act to abduct the second to fourth toes from the axis of the second toe and assist in flexing the metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP) joints as well as extending the interphalangeal (ITP) joints
Dupuytren's contracture of the foot Dupuytren's contracture of the foot fibromatous nodules form in the plantar fascia and long plantar ligament, this condition results in a gradual tightening of the ligament and fascia. This may eventually cause marked clawing of the toes, and discomfort and mobility restrictions follow
eversion position the patient's foot so that it is partially everted - then ask the patient to resist the examiner pushing it back to the neutral position
flat foot flat foot is a lack of the medial arch of the foot. The development of the medial arch occurs within 2-3 years of walking. In younger children the medial arch is largely obliterated by a fat pad.
flexor digitorium longus flexor digitorum longus is one of the deep muscles of the posterior lower limb. It originates from the posterior and middle third of the tibia below the soleal line, and the adjoining interosseous membrane. Its tendon passes inferiorly posterior to the medial malleolus and around the sustentaculum tali to enter the sole of the foot. In a plane more superficial to flexor hallucis, it divides into four tendons. These insert into the bases of the distal phalanges of the lateral four toes.
flexor digiti minimi brevis flexor digiti minimi brevis of the foot is one of the deep third layer of muscles on the plantar surface of the foot. Its action is to flex the metatarsophalangeal joint of the small toe.
It originates from the base of the fifth metatarsal and the adjacent tendon sheath of peroneus longus. It inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the little toe on its lateral side.
flexor hallucis longus flexor hallucis longus is one of the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. Its actions include (but are not limited to) : flexion of all the joints of the great toe, plantarflexion of foot, supports the medial longitudinal arch
foot drop a patient with foot drop is unable to walk on his heels and cannot dorsiflex his foot.
foot gout Podagra is gout of the foot, but most specially the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe. In severe cases the metatarsal-phalangeal and tarsal joints are involved. At these sites there is swelling, redness, heat and tenderness.
Local treatment - not related to the systemic treatment of gout itself - involves application of anti-inflammatory drugs and resting the foot.
foot massage A broad term for applying the techniques of massage therapy to the feet. This is not to be confused with Reflexology (applying pressure to specific points)
foot warts these are deep-seated, firm, hyperkeratotic lesions on the sole of the foot. They may be single or multiple and are involuted as pressure prevents their normal outward expansion. They are painful due to pressure on nerves.
forefoot (19 bones) 5 metatarsals and 5 toes each with 3 phalanges (except the big toe with only 2)
lateral away from the midline
ligament fibrous tissue that holds organs of the body in place and fastens bones together
plantar interossei muscles the plantar interosseous muscles are part of the fourth and deepest layer of muscles in the sole of the foot. There are three plantar interossei and they are smaller than the dorsal interossei.
plantar flexion Ask the patient to push the top of his foot downwards against the examiner's resistance
inversion position the foot as for testing eversion - this time ask the patient to resist the examiner as he tries to pull it back to the neutral position
|
|
